| 06 Jul 2020 |
New Understanding of Defect Formation in Silicon Electrodes
In theory, it is possible to significantly increase the storage capacity of commercially available lithium ion batteries – using an anode based on silicon instead of graphite. However, in practice, these batteries with pure silicon anodes start to deteriorate after just a few cycles of charging and discharging. An international team of researchers at Jülich’s Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-9) has now observed with a unique level of detail how the defects form on the anode.
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Chunguang Chen, Tao Zhou, Dmitri L. Danilov, Lu Gao, Svenja Benning, Nino Schön, Samuel Tardif, Hugh Simons, Florian Hausen, Tobias U. Schülli, R.-A. Eichel, Peter H. L. Notten
Impact of dual-layer solid-electrolyte interphase inhomogeneities on early-stage defect formation in Si electrodes
Nature Communications (published 1 July 2020), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17104-9 (Open Access)
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| 28 Apr 2020 |
Molecular basis of CLC transporter inhibition by fluoride
The binding of protons and their transport through the cell membrane are crucial steps for many cellular processes. CLC chloride/proton transporters are present in almost every living cell and regulate the pH value, chloride concentrations and membrane potentials of intracellular cell compartments. Various human diseases, which are caused by dysfunctional CLC transporters and which range from osteopetrosis and kidney dysfunction to epilepsy and mental retardation, illustrate the high physiological and pharmacological impact of this class of membrane proteins.
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Molecular Basis of CLC Antiporter Inhibition by Fluoride,
Maria Gabriella Chiariello, Viacheslav Bolnykh, Emiliano Ippoliti, Simone Meloni, Jógvan Magnus Haugaard Olsen, Thomas Beck, Ursula Rothlisberger, Christoph Fahlke, Paolo Carloni
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2020 142 (16), 7254-7258,
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13588
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| 09 Apr 2020 |
Data Storage Concept: Flaws with Benefits
Jülich, 31 March 2020. In the production of nanoelectronic components, material defects are usually unwelcome as they can impair desired behaviour. However, new computer simulations by a team of physicists at Forschungszentrum Jülich show that such defects can also be useful. According to their studies, material defects – introduced using a targeted approach – could improve the performance of a certain class of data storage devices.
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Originalveröffentlichung: Defect-implantation for the all-electrical detection of non-collinear spin-textures; Imara Lima Fernandes, Mohammed Bouhassoune, Samir Lounis;
Nature Communications 2020, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15379-6
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| 02 Apr 2020 |
Light Scattering Enables New Insights into the Brain
When generating a detailed network model of the brain, nerve fiber crossings pose a major challenge for current neuroimaging techniques. Scientists at Forschungszentrum Jülich have now found that scattered light can be used to resolve the brain’s substructure like the crossing angles of the nerve fibers with micrometer resolution. For their studies, the researchers combined microscopy measurements and simulations on supercomputers.
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Originalpublikation: Menzel M, Axer M, De Raedt H, Costantini I, Silvestri L, Pavone F S, Amunts K, Michielsen K. Toward a High-Resolution Reconstruction of 3D Nerve Fiber Architectures and Crossings in the Brain Using Light Scattering Measurements and Finite-Difference Time-Domain Simulations.
Physical Review X 10, 021002. Published 2 April 2020. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.10.021002
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| 23 Mar 2020 |
Magnetic Monopoles in a Metallic Compound
If you break a bar magnet in two, each of the two pieces will subsequently possess a north and south pole. So far, independent mobile magnetic monopoles have only been found in a single class of magnetic crystals. An international team of researchers, including scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich, has now discovered monopoles in a “Kagome spin ice” material, which is electrically conductive and could therefore offer great potential in scientific and practical applications.
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Originalpublikation: Kan Zhao, Hao Deng, Hua Chen, Kate A. Ross, Vaclav Petříček, Gerrit Guenther, Margarita Russina, Vladimir Hutanu und Philipp Gegenwart: Realization of the kagome spin ice state in a frustrated intermetallic compound. Science, 3 Mar 2020: Vol. 367, Issue 6483, pp. 1218-1223, DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw1666
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| 23 Mar 2020 |
Self-organizing, Self-healing Material of Magnetic Spinners
Jülich, 23 March 2020 – Smart and active materials can adapt their properties spontaneously in response to changing environmental conditions; these dynamically controllable properties have already led to a wide range of applications. Chromogenic materials, for example, enable window panes to darken automatically depending on the amount of light present, shock absorbers are able to adapt their dampening properties to prevailing road conditions with the help of magnetorheological fluids, and piezoelectric materials can be deformed by electric voltage, allowing robots to perform mechanical movements. An international team of scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and the US research institute Argonne National Laboratory has now developed a new, active system of magnetic microparticles. The material self-organizes in a non-equilibrium steady state in the presence of a rotating magnetic field, and possesses potentially useful properties such as self-healing and controllable transport capabilities.
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| 28 Feb 2020 |
EU Promotes Further Collaboration with Russian Neutron Research
Jülich, 2 March 2020. Forschungszentrum Jülich will receive € 900,000 in funding to continue its collaboration at the Russian neutron source PIK in Gatchina near St. Petersburg. Cooperation in terms of European-Russian research with neutrons under Jülich leadership had already begun within the framework of the Horizon 2020 infrastructure project CREMLIN and will now be continued under the umbrella of the extended follow-up project CREMLINplus.
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