| 25 Nov 2020 |
Liberating Quantum Processors from Parasitic Interactions
Creating perfect entanglement – a basic prerequisite for the success of quantum computers – requires full control over all qubit-qubit interactions. Until now, this goal has been hindered by the presence of an always-on and fundamental parasitic interaction that disturbs entanglement. Now, researchers at Forschungszentrum Jülich and RWTH Aachen University in collaboration with IBM T.J. Watson Research Center and Syracuse University both in the USA, have developed a theory-motivated idea and successfully implemented it to eliminate these interactions between two qubits. Their work results in a better understanding of the physics behind the error which also allows more precise entanglement to be engineered, as well as the unentanglement of two qubits.
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Suppression of Unwanted ZZ Interactions in a Hybrid Two-Qubit System, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 200504 (2020).
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.200504
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| 11 Nov 2020 |
Neutrons detect novel nano vortices
For the first time, researchers have created antiferromagnetic skyrmions, in which key elements are arranged in opposite directions. They demonstrated this phenomenon using neutrons at the cold three axes spectrometer PANDA, which is operated by the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at its outstation at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), as well as at two other neutron sources in Switzerland and France. The discovery, published in Nature, could make it possible to develop more efficient computers in the future.
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Fractional antiferromagnetic skyrmion lattice induced by anisotropic couplings. S. Gao, H.D. Rosales, F.A. Gómez Albarracín, V. Tsurkan, G. Kaur, T. Fennell, P. Steffens, M. Boehm, P. Čermák, A. Schneidewind, E. Ressouche, D.C. Cabra, C. Rüegg, O. Zaharko. Nature 23 September 2020 (online). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2716-8
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| 29 Oct 2020 |
Neutron Research: Shape of Red Blood Cells Influences Oxygen Transport
Red blood cells in the blood of higher vertebrates are used to transport oxygen via the cardiovascular system. For this purpose, blood cells are tightly packed with the protein haemoglobin, which reversibly binds and releases oxygen. An international research team led by Jülich physicist Dr. Andreas M. Stadler has now discovered that the molecular properties of the proteins depend on the shape of the blood cells.
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Keyun Shou et al.;
Effect of Red Blood Cell Shape Changes on Haemoglobin Interactions and Dynamics: A Neutron Scattering Study;
Royal Society Open Science, Volume 7, Issue 10, 14 October 2020, DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201507
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| 01 Oct 2020 |
Synthetic Cells: Controlling Shapes and Movements
Living cells can take on many different forms, in order to move around, worm their way through narrow spaces, or to absorb nutrients. Pathogens use these abilities for active locomotion to penetrate healthy tissue, for instance. Scientists at Forschungszentrum Jülich and ETH Zurich have now studied the physical principles of these complex processes using a new synthetic model system.
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Original publication: Hanumantha Rao Vutukuri et al.;
Active particles induce large shape deformations in giant lipid vesicles;
Nature, 30. September 2020, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2730-x
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| 29 Sep 2020 |
Wired Up: Majorana Fermions for Quantum Computing
Majorana fermions exhibit a strange property: these exotic particles cannot be distinguished from their own antiparticles. Nevertheless, technically they could be extremely useful as qubits for quantum computers. However, Majorana fermions are very difficult to detect. Scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and RWTH Aachen University together with partners from the University of Hamburg can now demonstrate a possible way around this difficulty.
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Schneider, L., Brinker, S., Steinbrecher, M. et al.
Controlling in-gap end states by linking nonmagnetic atoms and artificially-constructed spin chains on superconductors
Nat Commun 11, 4707 (2020), DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18540-3
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| 19 Aug 2020 |
Cryo-Electron Microscopy Makes Structure of Important Membrane-deforming Proteins Visible
Viruses multiply in the human body by hijacking the functions of cells and using them for their own purposes. Ebola, HIV and other viruses use, among other things, the so-called ESCRT-III complex for this purpose.
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S. T. Huber et al., Structure and assembly of ESCRT-III helical Vps24 filaments, Science Advances 19 Aug 2020: Vol. 6, no. 34, eaba4897, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba4897
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| 05 Aug 2020 |
Learning from the cytoskeleton for the development of active materials
Jülich researchers have developed models and techniques for computer simulations to investigate dynamic processes that occur, for example, in the internal machinery of cells. The methods provide a better understanding of the microscopic processes involved and could be helpful in the development of tailor-made active materials. These materials adapt their properties independently to changing environmental conditions and possess dynamically controllable properties. This enables them to be used in a wide range of applications, such as the development of self-healing materials, materials that reversibly contract and then relax again, and materials that can mix the chemicals they contain.
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Gerard A. Vliegenthart at al.; Filamentous active matter: Band formation, bending, buckling, and defects; Science Advances 22 Jul 2020: Vol. 6, no. 30, eaaw9975,
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw9975
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